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1 Hair Cloth
A heavy twilled cloth containing wool waste and some calf hair. A nap is raised by gigging. Used for carriage rugs. ———————— This fabric is woven from very strong three-fold cotton warp and horsehair weft. Other material, such as linen, has been used for the warp. Usually made with about 44 ends per inch, and 80 to 100 picks per inch. The weave is usually the 5-end satin. Horse hair is not dyed, and the hair used is generally black, and is cut from both the tails and manes. The lengths vary from 30-in. to 46-in., and a single hair forms one pick. A special loom is used, fitted with mechanism for picking up the hairs and drawing them one by one into the shed. The shuttle for doing this is equipped with a pair of nippers. There is a rough fringe of hair at each selvedge. The cloth is very stiff or wiry and is used for coat linings. Formerly the cloth was also used for upholstering chairs and couches, and some is used today for this purpose (see Cilicium).
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2 HAIR
• Bush natural; more hair than wit - На голове густо, да в голове пусто (H)• Grey hairs are nourished with green thoughts - Седина в голову, а бес в ребро (C)• Hair by hair you pull out the horse's tail - По волоску всю бороду выщиплешь (П)• Hair long, wisdom little - Волос долог, да ум короток (B)• Hair of the dog is good for the bite (The) - Клин клином вышибают (K), Чем ушибся, тем и лечись (4)• Hair of the dog is the cure of his bite (The) - Клин клином вышибают (K)• It's no hair off my head - Моя хата с краю (M)• Long hair and short sense - Волос долог, да ум короток (B)• Long hair, short wit - Волос долог, да ум короток (B)• Take the hair of the dog that bit you - Клин клином вышибают (K)• Take the hair of the same dog that bit you, and it will heal the wound - Клин клином вышибают (K), Чем ушибся, тем и лечись (4)• Women have long hair and short brains - Волос долог, да ум короток (B)• Y)u can't grow hair and brains in the same head - Волос долог, да ум короток (B) -
3 hair-oil
nouna scented, oily lotion for smoothing down the hair.زيت الشَّعْر -
4 Hair Cord Muslin
A plain weave cloth, woven with fine warp and weft and hair cords, 1/4-in. to 1/2-in. apart. Similar to ordinary hair-cords, but made with finer yarns. About 60 ends and 56 picks per inch, 60's T., 64's W. The cords vary from 30's to 40's singles.
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5 Hair Cords
These are cotton cloths in which single cords are run in the warp, the cords being set about 1/4-in. apart. Two beams are necessary. Yams are about 36's twist, 16's cords, 36's or 42's weft. Ends, picks and lengths vary considerably. -
6 Hair Silk
A special silk weft formed by twisting schappe on itself. Used in the construction of heavy fabrics. -
7 Hair, Thomas H.
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]fl. c. 1830–75 northern England[br]English artist whose work was concerned with the industrial landscape.[br]Hair is best known for the folio volume A Series of Views of the Collieries in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham, published in 1839. This is a volume of engravings after watercolours by T.H.Hair which show in its forty-two pictures particular collieries and details of the workings. The accompanying text by M.Ross describes the pictures and the activities of the various collieries in considerable detail. One of Hair's most famous paintings is "Hartley Colliery after the Disaster" (1869). T.H.Hair's paintings and his book are important for they give an accurate picture of industrial Northumberland and Durham in the middle of the nineteenth century.[br]Bibliography1839, A Series of Views of the Collieries in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham, London; reprinted 1969, Newton Abbot.Further ReadingM.Hall, 1973, The Artists of Northumbria, Newcastle upon Tyne.KM -
8 hair
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9 hair
[heə] noun1) one of the mass of thread-like objects that grow from the skin:شَعْرَهHe brushed the dog's hairs off his jacket.
2) the mass of these, especially on a person's head:شَعْرHe's got brown hair.
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10 the same as HOT-CURLED
General subject: (about hair) marcelledУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > the same as HOT-CURLED
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11 Camel Hair
The soft downy hair from the haunches and under part of the camel. Length of fibre is 4 in up to 10 in. The yarn is a soft worsted type and much used for carpets, hosiery, hatting, dressing gowns rugs etc. Spun into about 30's counts and then into two fold or three fold yarns. This hair is strong and soft and of a brown colour, and it is difficult to bleach. Each animal yields about 10-lb annually. The longer and coarser hair is used for belting. Obtained chiefly from China and Russia. On arrival in Bradford the hair is scoured carded and combed, and the tops and noils produced are a regular market article. There is a steady consumption of the long hair in the carpet industry and of the noils in the hosiery and hatting trades. A certain quantity of coarse hair is used in the belting industry, and a smaller amount is used in making waterproof hoods for motor cars. Dyed blends of strong hair and wool are sometimes called camel hair and are sold for making filter cloths and other mechanical services. The best " camel's hair brushes used by artists are said to be made from squirrel tails hair of the camel is almost never used for brushes. -
12 Horse Hair
The long, lustrous hair from the tails and manes of horses. Cleaning, dressing and curling operations are carried on at many points, but the production of horse-hair textiles is confined virtually to the West of England. The hair is woven to make carriage and furniture seatings, interlinings, flesh rubbers, rugs and carpets. In Bradford some success has attended attempts to use horse hair as a core for worsted yarn for interlinings. In Worcester an old-established firm has succeeded in making a continuous thread of horse hair, which is then used as weft, in combination with a cotton or worsted warp. Horse-hair lining cloths are manufactured in Philadelphia (U.S.A.), the material is also worked in Germany, notably at Leipzig. Horse hair is sorted over suction screens, and is dyed black with logwood. The hair is curled by being twisted into a rope, soaked two hours in water, and then baked for twelve hours at 350 deg. F. The hair is left for three days to cool. Long white uncurled hairs are used for violin bows and shorter hairs of the same colour for brushes and plumes. Fishing lines are made from the brown hair, and selected lustreless hair is used for lawyers' wigs. The United Kingdom, North and South America, Australia, Germany, Russia and China are the chief sources of supply. -
13 Cows Hair
Strong, coarse hair which is used chiefly for carpets, rugs and blankets. It is used in Leeds Batley and Dewsbury, Yorkshire, by mixing with wool. Cow's hair shows the presence of three kinds of hair: - 1. Thick, stiff beard hairs, from 2-in. to 4-in. in length. 2. Soft, fine beard hairs, as No. 1, but not so thick. 3. Very fine soft hairs 3/4-in. to 11/2-in. long. The supply comes chiefly from Russia in white, red, brown and black colours. It nearly always shows the hair root as the hairs are pulled from the hide after liming. -
14 Goat's Hair
The hair of the common goat is coarse, thick and does not felt well and is only used for coarse rugs and fabrics. Other goats, the cashmere, alpaca and angora give fine fibres. -
15 Camel Hair Yarns
The camel gives two kinds of hair - A short downy body hair and a coarse long and strong beard hair, which is used for yarns for making belting. The soft downy hair is used for yarns for dressing gowns, rugs etc. The long hair is removed from the short by combing. -
16 Horse-Hair Cloth
The original cloth was made by a Paris manufacturer in the 18th century who patented a process to make horse-hair cloth for upholstery and this was very popular for some years but is now obsolete. The stuffing cloth now used as stiffening and underlining for coats is often made of glazed cotton or hemp yarn exclusively because of the high price of the horse hair. See Palmet fibre which is used as a substitute for horse hair as well as "black fibre." -
17 Beard Hair
Sheep in their natural condition produce two kinds of hair; the beard hair, which is long and stiff, and the true wool, which is shorter, softer and more curly. By cultivation, sheep today produce almost exclusively, the true wool. -
18 Rabbit Hair
Fur of the common rabbit is prized by the hatting industry, but has little interest in woven textiles. Angora rabbit yields white and grey hair up to five inches long, which is used in knitting and for fancy effects in woven fabrics. Angora rabbits are kept in captivity and are combed every three months, under which treatment each animal yields about 8-oz. of wool in the year. Angora wool can be dyed, but is most largely used white for knitted children's clothing, either wholly or as a figuring material. -
19 Camel Hair Cloth
A fabric of the pile type made from camel hair yams. It is used for toy and coat making. A camel hair coat means a coat made of yarns containing all camel hall fibre. -
20 Artificial Horse Hair
Yarns made from several varieties of Mexican grasses to imitate real horse hair. They arc specially treated with concentrated sulphuric acid or chloride of zinc, which renders the fibre strong and clastic.Dictionary of the English textile terms > Artificial Horse Hair
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